Ishishini le-photovoltaic lijongene notshintsho olusebenzayo noluthembekileyo olukhokelwa ziimodyuli zelanga ze-double-wave bifacial (ezaziwa ngokuba ziimodyuli ze-bifacial double-glass). Le teknoloji iphinda ibumbe indlela yobugcisa kunye nepatheni yesicelo semarike yehlabathi ye-photovoltaic ngokuvelisa umbane ngokufunxa amandla okukhanya kumacala omabini ezinto kwaye idibanise neenzuzo ezibalulekileyo zokuqina eziziswa kukupakisha iglasi. Eli nqaku liza kuqhuba uhlalutyo olunzulu lweempawu eziphambili, ixabiso lesicelo esisebenzayo, kunye namathuba kunye nemingeni eza kujongana nayo kwixesha elizayo yeemodyuli ze-bifacial double-glass, ityhila indlela eziqhuba ngayo ishishini le-photovoltaic ekusebenzeni okuphezulu, iindleko eziphantsi nge-kilowatt-yure nganye, kunye nokuziqhelanisa ngokubanzi neemeko ezahlukeneyo.
Iimpawu zoBugcisa eziPhambili: Ukunyuka okuphindwe kabini ekusebenzeni kakuhle nasekuthembekeni
Eyona nto iphambili kwimodyuli yeglasi ephindwe kabini ikwimeko yokuvelisa umbane. Ngokungafaniyo neemodyuli zemveli ezinecala elinye, umva wayo unokubamba ngokufanelekileyo ukukhanya okukhanyayo emhlabeni (njengesanti, ikhephu, uphahla olukhanyayo okanye imigangatho yesamente), nto leyo ebangela ukuveliswa kombane okongezelelweyo. Oku kwaziwa kwishishini njenge "gain-double-sided gain". Okwangoku, umlinganiselo we-bifacial (umlinganiselo wokusebenza kakuhle kokuvelisa umbane ngasemva kunalowo ungaphambili) kwiimveliso eziqhelekileyo ngokubanzi ufikelela kwi-85% ukuya kwi-90%. Umzekelo, kwiindawo ezibonisa ukukhanya okuphezulu njengeentlango, ukufunyanwa kwe-backside gain kweziqulatho kunokuzisa ukonyuka kwe-10%-30% ekuvelisweni kombane iyonke. Okwangoku, olu hlobo lwecandelo lusebenza ngcono phantsi kweemeko zokukhanya okuphantsi (njengeentsuku zemvula okanye kusasa kakhulu nangokuhlwa kakhulu), kunye nokunyuka kwamandla okungaphezulu kwe-2%.
Ubuchule kwizinto nakwizakhiwo bubalulekile ekuxhaseni ukuveliswa kwamandla ngokufanelekileyo. Ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bebhetri (obufana ne-N-type TOPCon) buqhuba amandla ezinto ukuba aqhubeke enyuka, kwaye iimveliso eziphambili zingene kuluhlu lwe-670-720W. Ukunciphisa ukulahleka komthunzi wangaphambili kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuqokelela okwangoku, eli shishini lizise uyilo olungenazingxobo (ezifana nesakhiwo se-20BB) kunye nobuchwepheshe bokuprinta obucokisekileyo (obufana nokuprinta isikrini sentsimbi). Kwinqanaba lokupakisha, isakhiwo seglasi ephindwe kabini (esineglasi ngaphambili nangasemva) sinika ukhuseleko olubalaseleyo, sigcina ukuncitshiswa konyaka wokuqala kwento ngaphakathi kwe-1% kunye nomyinge wokunciphisa umgangatho wonyaka ongaphantsi kwe-0.4%, ongcono kakhulu kunezinto zendabuko zeglasi enye. Ukujongana nomceli mngeni wobunzima obukhulu beemodyuli zeglasi ephindwe kabini (ingakumbi ezinkulu), isisombululo sephepha elingasemva esikhanyayo esikhanyayo savela, esenza ukuba ubunzima beemodyuli ezinobukhulu obungama-210 buncitshiswe bube ngaphantsi kweekhilogram ezingama-25, nto leyo eyanciphisa kakhulu ubunzima bokufakelwa.
Ukuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo yenye inzuzo enkulu yemodyuli yeglasi ephindwe kabini enamacala amabini. Ulwakhiwo lwayo oluqinileyo lweglasi ephindwe kabini luyinika ukumelana okuhle kwemozulu, ixhathisa ngempumelelo ukuthomalaliswa kwe-electropotential-induced (PID), imisebe ye-ultraviolet enamandla, impembelelo yesichotho, ukufuma okuphezulu, ukugqwala kwetyuwa, kunye nomahluko omkhulu wobushushu. Ngokuseka izitishi zamandla zokubonisa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemozulu kwihlabathi liphela (ezifana neendawo ezibandayo kakhulu, umoya onamandla, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nomswakama ophezulu), abavelisi bezinto bahlala beqinisekisa amandla abo okusebenza azinzileyo ixesha elide kwiindawo ezixineneyo.
Iingenelo zesicelo: Qhuba uphuculo lwezoqoqosho lweeprojekthi ze-photovoltaic
Ixabiso leemodyuli zeglasi ezimbini ezimacala mabini ekugqibeleni libonakala ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwezoqoqosho kulo lonke umjikelo wobomi beprojekthi, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezithile zokusetyenziswa:
Izitishi zamandla ezinkulu ezixhonywe emhlabeni: Ukwanda kwengeniso kwiindawo ezibonisa ukukhanya okuphezulu: Kwiindawo ezintlango, ezinekhephu okanye ezinombala okhanyayo, ukufunyanwa kombane ngasemva kunokunciphisa ngokuthe ngqo ixabiso lombane elilinganisiweyo (LCOE) leprojekthi. Umzekelo, kwenye yeeprojekthi ezinkulu ze-photovoltaic eLatin America - isikhululo samandla se-766MW "seCerrado Solar" eBrazil, ukusasazwa kweemodyuli zeglasi ezimbini ezineecala ezimbini akukhokeleli nje kuphela ekwandeni okukhulu kokuveliswa kombane kodwa kulindeleke ukuba kunciphise ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni diokside ngeetoni ezili-134,000 ngonyaka. Uhlalutyo lwemodeli yezoqoqosho lubonisa ukuba kwimimandla efana neSaudi Arabia, ukwamkelwa kweemodyuli eziphambili ze-bifacial kunokunciphisa i-LCOE malunga ne-5% xa kuthelekiswa nobuchwepheshe bendabuko, ngelixa kugcinwa iindleko zebhalansi yenkqubo (BOS).
Amandla e-photovoltaic asasazwayo: Ukusebenzisa amandla ophahla kunye neendawo ezikhethekileyo: Kwiindlu zorhwebo kunye nezophahla, uxinano lwamandla aphezulu kuthetha ukufaka iinkqubo ezinomthamo omkhulu ngaphakathi kwendawo elinganiselweyo, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa iindleko zokufakela iiyunithi. Ubalo lubonisa ukuba kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu zophahla, ukwamkelwa kweemodyuli ezimbini ezisebenzayo kunokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zobunjineli jikelele (EPC) kwaye kwandise inzuzo epheleleyo yeprojekthi. Ukongeza, kwiindawo ezinzima ezifana neendawo zesamente kunye neendawo eziphakamileyo, ukumelana okugqwesileyo komthwalo woomatshini kunye nokumelana nomahluko wobushushu beemodyuli zeglasi ezimbini kuzenza zibe lukhetho oluthembekileyo. Abanye abavelisi sele beqalise iimveliso ezenzelwe wena kunye nezisombululo zokufakela kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo ezifana neendawo eziphakamileyo.
Ukuhambelana nemarike entsha yamandla: Ukuphucula ingeniso yamaxabiso ombane: Njengoko indlela yokusebenzisa amaxabiso ombane ngexesha lokusetyenziswa isanda ukuthandwa, ixabiso lombane elihambelana nencopho yesiqhelo yokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic emini inokwehla. Iimodyuli ze-Bifacial, ezinomlinganiselo ophezulu we-bifacial kunye nokukwazi ukuphendula ukukhanya okubuthathaka, zinokukhupha umbane omninzi kusasa nangokuhlwa xa amaxabiso ombane ephezulu, nto leyo evumela ukuba i-curve yokuveliswa kombane ihambelane ngcono nexesha le-peak yexabiso lombane kwaye ngaloo ndlela yonyusa ingeniso iyonke.
Imeko yesicelo: Ukungena kwihlabathi liphela kunye nokulima indawo enzulu
Imephu yokusetyenziswa kweemodyuli zeglasi ezimbini ezinamacala amabini iyanda ngokukhawuleza kwihlabathi liphela:
Ukusetyenziswa okukhulu ngokwemimandla kuye kwaba yinto eqhelekileyo: Kwimimandla eneemitha eziphezulu kunye nemiboniso ephezulu efana neNtlango yaseMiddle East, iNtlango yaseGobi entshona yeTshayina, kunye neLatin American Plateau, iimodyuli zeglasi ezimbini ezinombala ombini ziye zaba lukhetho olukhethwayo lokwakha izitishi zamandla ezintsha ezinkulu ezixhonywe emhlabeni. Okwangoku, kwimimandla enekhephu efana neMntla Yurophu, uphawu oluphezulu lomqolo wecandelo phantsi komboniso wekhephu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-25%) nalo lusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo.
Izisombululo ezenzelwe wena kwiimeko ezithile ziyavela: Eli shishini libonisa umkhwa wokwenza ngokwezifiso ngokunzulu kwiindawo ezithile zesicelo. Umzekelo, ukuphendula ingxaki yesanti nothuli lwezikhululo zamandla zasentlango, ezinye izinto zenziwe ngezakhiwo ezikhethekileyo zomphezulu ukunciphisa ukuqokelelana kothuli, ukunciphisa amaxesha okucoca kunye neendleko zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa; Kwiprojekthi ehambelanayo ye-agro-photovoltaic, imodyuli yokuhambisa ukukhanya ejikelezileyo isetyenziswa kuphahla lwegreenhouse ukufezekisa intsebenziswano phakathi kokuveliswa kombane kunye nemveliso yezolimo. Kwiindawo ezinzima zaseLwandle okanye zaselunxwemeni, kuye kwaphuhliswa izinto ezineglasi ezimbini ezinokumelana nokugqwala okunamandla.
Imbono Yekamva: Ubuchule Obuqhubekayo Nokujongana Neengxaki
Uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo lweemodyuli zeglasi ezimbini ezinamacala amabini luzele bubomi, kodwa lukwafuna ukujongana nemingeni ngokuthe ngqo:
Ukusebenza kakuhle kuyaqhubeka nokunyuka: Iitekhnoloji zohlobo lwe-N ezimelwe yi-TOPCon okwangoku zezona zinto ziphambili ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kweemodyuli ze-bifacial. Itekhnoloji ye-perovskite/crystalline silicon tandem cell ephazamisayo ibonakalise amandla okuguqula ukusebenza kakuhle angaphezu kwama-34% kwilabhoratri kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ibe sisitshixo sokutsiba kokusebenza kakuhle kwesizukulwana esilandelayo seemodyuli ze-bifacial. Okwangoku, umlinganiselo we-bifacial odlula i-90% uya kuphucula ngakumbi igalelo lokuvelisa umbane kwicala elingasemva.
Uhlengahlengiso olutshintshayo lwepateni yemarike: Isabelo semarike sangoku seemodyuli ezimbini siyaqhubeka sinyuka, kodwa sinokujongana notshintsho kwisakhiwo kwixesha elizayo. Njengoko iimodyuli zeglasi enye zivuthwa kubuchwepheshe obulula kunye nolawulo lweendleko (ezifana neenkqubo ze-LECO zokuphucula ukumelana namanzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokupakisha ezingabizi kakhulu), isabelo sazo kwimarike yophahla olusasaziweyo kulindeleke ukuba sinyuke. Iimodyuli zeglasi ezimbini ezimbini ziya kuqhubeka nokuqinisa indawo yazo ephambili kwizikhululo zamandla ezixhonywe emhlabeni, ingakumbi kwiimeko zokubonakalisa okuphezulu.
Imingeni ephambili ekufuneka isonjululwe:
Ubunzima kunye nebhalansi yeendleko: Ukwanda kobunzima okubangelwa yisakhiwo seglasi ephindwe kabini (malunga ne-30%) ngumqobo ophambili ekusetyenzisweni kwaso okukhulu eluphahleni. Iiphepha zangasemva ezicacileyo zinamathuba abanzi njengendlela elula, kodwa ukumelana kwazo nemozulu ixesha elide (ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-25), ukumelana ne-UV kunye nokuxhathisa amanzi kusafuneka kuqinisekiswe ngedatha engaphezulu yobungqina bangaphandle.
Ukuziqhelanisa neenkqubo: Ukwaziswa kwezixhobo ezinkulu nezinamandla aphezulu kufuna ukuphuculwa ngaxeshanye kwezixhobo ezixhasayo ezifana neenkqubo zezibiyeli kunye nee-inverters, nto leyo eyandisa ubunzima boyilo lwenkqubo kunye neendleko zokuqala zotyalo-mali, kwaye ifuna ukwenziwa ngcono kwentsebenziswano kulo lonke uthotho lwemizi-mveliso.
Ixesha leposi: Juni-18-2025