Makampani opanga magetsi a photovoltaic akusintha kwambiri pakugwira ntchito bwino komanso kudalirika motsogozedwa ndi ma module a dzuwa a bifacial (omwe amadziwika kuti ma module a bifacial double-glass). Ukadaulo uwu ukusinthiratu njira yaukadaulo ndi kapangidwe kake ka msika wapadziko lonse wa magetsi a photovoltaic popanga magetsi mwa kuyamwa mphamvu yowala kuchokera mbali zonse ziwiri za zigawo ndikuziphatikiza ndi zabwino zazikulu zokhazikika zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha kuyika magalasi. Nkhaniyi ichita kusanthula mozama za makhalidwe ofunikira, phindu logwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso mwayi ndi zovuta zomwe zidzakumane nazo mtsogolo mwa ma module a bifacial double-glass, kuwulula momwe amayendetsera makampani opanga magetsi a photovoltaic kuti agwire bwino ntchito, mtengo wotsika pa kilowatt-ola, komanso kusinthasintha kwakukulu pazochitika zosiyanasiyana.
Zinthu Zaukadaulo Zazikulu: Kudumphadumpha kawiri pakuchita bwino komanso kudalirika
Kukongola kwakukulu kwa gawo la magalasi awiri okhala ndi nkhope ziwiri kuli mu mphamvu yake yopangira magetsi. Mosiyana ndi ma module achikhalidwe okhala ndi mbali imodzi, kumbuyo kwake kumatha kugwira bwino kuwala komwe kumayatsidwa ndi nthaka (monga mchenga, chipale chofewa, madenga owala kapena pansi pa simenti), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi azigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Izi zimadziwika m'makampani kuti "kupindula kwa mbali ziwiri". Pakadali pano, chiŵerengero cha magawo awiri (chiŵerengero cha mphamvu yopangira magetsi kumbuyo ndi kutsogolo) cha zinthu zazikulu nthawi zambiri chimafika 85% mpaka 90%. Mwachitsanzo, m'malo owunikira kwambiri monga zipululu, kuwonjezeka kwa kumbuyo kwa zigawo kungapangitse kuti magetsi aziwonjezeka ndi 10%-30%. Pakadali pano, mtundu uwu wa gawo umagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri m'malo omwe kuwala kwake sikunachepe (monga mvula kapena m'mawa kwambiri komanso madzulo), ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu kopitilira 2%.
Kupangidwa kwatsopano kwa zipangizo ndi kapangidwe kake ndi chinsinsi chothandizira kupanga magetsi moyenera. Ukadaulo wapamwamba wa batri (monga N-type TOPCon) ukuyendetsa mphamvu ya zigawo kuti zipitirire kukwera, ndipo zinthu zazikulu zalowa mu 670-720W. Pofuna kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mthunzi wakutsogolo ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito osonkhanitsira, makampaniwa ayambitsa mapangidwe opanda tirigu (monga kapangidwe ka 20BB) ndi ukadaulo wosindikiza bwino (monga kusindikiza kwachitsulo). Pa mulingo wolongedza, kapangidwe ka magalasi awiri (komwe kali ndi galasi kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo) kamapereka chitetezo chabwino kwambiri, kusunga kuchepa kwa gawo chaka choyamba mkati mwa 1% ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchepa kwa pachaka pansi pa 0.4%, komwe kuli kopambana kwambiri kuposa zigawo zachikhalidwe zagalasi limodzi. Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto la kulemera kwakukulu kwa ma module awiri (makamaka akuluakulu), yankho lopepuka lowonekera kumbuyo linatuluka, lomwe linapangitsa kuti kulemera kwa ma module 210 kuchepe kufika pa makilogalamu 25, zomwe zinachepetsa kwambiri mavuto oyika.
Kusinthasintha kwa chilengedwe ndi ubwino wina waukulu wa gawo la magalasi awiri okhala ndi mbali ziwiri. Kapangidwe kake kolimba ka magalasi awiri kamapangitsa kuti likhale lolimba kwambiri pa nyengo, limalimbana bwino ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi (PID), kuwala kwamphamvu kwa ultraviolet, kugwedezeka kwa matalala, chinyezi chambiri, dzimbiri la mchere, komanso kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutentha. Mwa kukhazikitsa malo opangira magetsi m'malo osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi (monga malo ozizira kwambiri, mphepo yamphamvu, kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi chambiri), opanga zinthu nthawi zonse amaonetsetsa kuti magwiridwe antchito awo ndi okhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali m'malo ovuta kwambiri.
Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito: Kuwongolera zachuma pa ntchito za photovoltaic
Kufunika kwa ma module awiri a magalasi awiri kumaonekera bwino pa chuma cha polojekiti yonse, makamaka pazochitika zinazake zogwiritsira ntchito:
Malo opangira magetsi akuluakulu okhala pansi: Kuchulukitsa ndalama m'malo owunikira kwambiri: M'chipululu, m'malo okhala ndi chipale chofewa kapena malo owala, kukwera kwa kumbuyo kungachepetse mwachindunji mtengo wofanana wa magetsi (LCOE) wa pulojekitiyi. Mwachitsanzo, mu imodzi mwa mapulojekiti akuluakulu opanga magetsi ku Latin America - malo opangira magetsi a 766MW "Cerrado Solar" ku Brazil, kuyika ma module agalasi awiri okhala ndi mbali ziwiri sikuti kumangowonjezera mphamvu zopangira magetsi komanso kukuyembekezeka kuchepetsa mpweya wa carbon dioxide ndi matani 134,000 pachaka. Kusanthula kwa chitsanzo cha zachuma kukuwonetsa kuti m'madera monga Saudi Arabia, kugwiritsa ntchito ma module apamwamba a bifacial kungachepetse LCOE ndi pafupifupi 5% poyerekeza ndi ukadaulo wachikhalidwe, komanso kusunga ndalama zolipirira dongosolo (BOS).
Mphamvu ya photovoltaic yogawidwa: Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya madenga ndi malo apadera: Pa madenga a mafakitale ndi amalonda, mphamvu zambiri zimatanthauza kukhazikitsa makina akuluakulu mkati mwa malo ochepa, motero kuchepetsa mtengo woyika mayunitsi. Kuwerengera kukuwonetsa kuti m'mapulojekiti akuluakulu a denga, kugwiritsa ntchito ma module awiri ogwira ntchito bwino kungachepetse kwambiri mtengo wa mainjiniya (EPC) ndikuwonjezera phindu lonse la polojekitiyi. Kuphatikiza apo, m'malo ovuta monga malo a simenti ndi malo okwera, kukana kwabwino kwambiri kwa katundu wamakina komanso kukana kutentha kwa ma module awiri agalasi kumapangitsa kuti akhale chisankho chodalirika. Opanga ena ayambitsa kale zinthu zomwe zasinthidwa ndi njira zoyikira m'malo apadera monga malo okwera.
Kufananiza msika watsopano wamagetsi: Kukonza ndalama zomwe zimapeza pamtengo wamagetsi: Pamene njira yogulira magetsi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ikuchulukirachulukira, mtengo wamagetsi womwe umagwirizana ndi nthawi yachikhalidwe yopanga magetsi a photovoltaic masana ungachepe. Ma module a bifacial, omwe ali ndi chiŵerengero chachikulu cha bifacial komanso mphamvu yofooka yoyankhira kuwala, amatha kutulutsa magetsi ambiri m'mawa ndi madzulo pamene mitengo yamagetsi ili yokwera, zomwe zimathandiza kuti magetsi azigwirizana bwino ndi nthawi yamtengo wamagetsi yomwe imafika pachimake ndikuwonjezera ndalama zonse.
Momwe Ntchito Ikuyendera: Kulowa Padziko Lonse ndi Kulima Mozama kwa Malo
Mapu ogwiritsira ntchito ma module a magalasi awiri okhala ndi mbali ziwiri akukulirakulira mofulumira padziko lonse lapansi:
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu m'madera osiyanasiyana kwakhala kofala kwambiri: M'madera omwe amawala kwambiri komanso omwe amawala kwambiri monga Chipululu cha Middle East, Chipululu cha Gobi kumadzulo kwa China, ndi Latin American Plateau, ma module a magalasi awiri okhala ndi nkhope ziwiri akhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri pomanga malo atsopano opangira magetsi akuluakulu okhala pansi. Pakadali pano, m'madera okhala ndi chipale chofewa monga Northern Europe, mawonekedwe a gain apamwamba a kumbuyo kwa gawolo pansi pa chipale chofewa (mpaka 25%) amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mokwanira.
Mayankho okonzedwa pazochitika zinazake akubwera: Makampaniwa akuwonetsa chizolowezi chosintha kwambiri malo enaake ogwiritsira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, poyankha vuto la mchenga ndi fumbi la malo opangira magetsi m'chipululu, zigawo zina zapangidwa ndi mapangidwe apadera kuti zichepetse kuchulukana kwa fumbi, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zoyeretsera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kukonza; Mu pulojekiti yowonjezera ya agro-photovoltaic, gawo logawa kuwala limagwiritsidwa ntchito padenga la nyumba yobiriwira kuti likwaniritse mgwirizano pakati pa kupanga magetsi ndi ulimi. Pa malo ovuta a m'nyanja kapena m'mphepete mwa nyanja, zigawo zamagalasi awiri zomwe zimakhala ndi kukana dzimbiri kwamphamvu zapangidwa.
Chiyembekezo cha Mtsogolo: Kupitiriza Kupanga Zinthu Zatsopano ndi Kuthana ndi Mavuto
Kupanga mtsogolo kwa ma module a magalasi awiri okhala ndi mbali ziwiri kuli ndi mphamvu zambiri, koma kuyeneranso kukumana ndi mavuto mwachindunji:
Kuchita bwino kukupitirira kukwera: Ukadaulo wa mtundu wa N womwe ukuimiridwa ndi TOPCon pakadali pano ndiwo mphamvu yayikulu pakukweza magwiridwe antchito a ma module a bifacial. Ukadaulo wa perovskite/crystalline silicon tandem cell womwe umasokoneza kwambiri wawonetsa kuthekera kosintha magwiridwe antchito opitilira 34% mu labotale ndipo ukuyembekezeka kukhala chinsinsi cha kulumpha kogwira ntchito bwino kwa mbadwo wotsatira wa ma module a bifacial. Pakadali pano, chiŵerengero cha bifacial chopitilira 90% chidzawonjezera mphamvu zopangira magetsi kumbali ina.
Kusintha kwamphamvu kwa mawonekedwe amsika: Gawo la msika wamakono wa ma module awiriawiri likukwera mosalekeza, koma lingakumane ndi kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake mtsogolo. Pamene ma module agalasi limodzi akukhwima muukadaulo wopepuka komanso wowongolera ndalama (monga njira za LECO kuti ziwongolere kukana madzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zopakira zotsika mtengo), gawo lawo pamsika wogawidwa wa denga likuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka. Ma module awiriawiri agalasi awiriawiri apitiliza kulimbitsa malo awo olamulira m'malo opangira magetsi okhala pansi, makamaka m'malo owunikira kwambiri.
Mavuto akuluakulu omwe ayenera kuthetsedwa:
Kulemera ndi kuwerengera mtengo: Kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka magalasi awiri (pafupifupi 30%) ndiye cholepheretsa chachikulu kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri padenga. Mapepala owonekera bwino ali ndi mwayi waukulu ngati njira ina yopepuka, koma kukana kwawo kwa nthawi yayitali (zaka zoposa 25) nyengo, kukana kwa UV ndi kukana madzi kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi zambiri zakunja.
Kusinthasintha kwa makina: Kufalikira kwa zida zazikulu komanso zamphamvu kwambiri kumafuna kukweza nthawi imodzi zida zothandizira monga makina olumikizira ma bracket ndi ma inverter, zomwe zimawonjezera zovuta za kapangidwe ka makina ndi mtengo woyambira woyika ndalama, ndipo zimafuna kukonza bwino mgwirizano mu unyolo wonse wa mafakitale.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-18-2025