Inganda za Photovoltaque zirimo gukora impinduramatwara ikora neza kandi yizewe iyobowe nizuba ryikubye kabiri-izuba (bikunze kwitwa modifike ebyiri-ibirahuri). Iri koranabuhanga rivugurura inzira ya tekiniki hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa ku isoko ryamafoto y’amashanyarazi ku isi mu gutanga amashanyarazi mu gukuramo ingufu zoroheje ziva mu mpande zombi z’ibigize no kuyihuza n’inyungu zikomeye ziramba zizanwa no gupakira ibirahure. Iyi ngingo izakora isesengura ryimbitse ryibiranga ibyingenzi, agaciro gakoreshwa mubikorwa, hamwe n'amahirwe n'ingorane bizahura nabyo mugihe kizaza cya moderi ebyiri-ibirahuri byombi, byerekana uburyo zitwara inganda zifotora zigana ku mikorere ihanitse, igiciro gito kuri kilowatt-saha, hamwe n’imihindagurikire yagutse mu bihe bitandukanye.
Ibyingenzi bya tekinike: Gusimbuka kabiri muburyo bwiza no kwizerwa
Ubwiza bwibanze bwa bifacial double-ibirahuri module iri mubushobozi bwayo bwo kubyara ingufu. Bitandukanye na moderi gakondo imwe, umugongo wacyo urashobora gufata neza urumuri rugaragara (nkumucanga, shelegi, ibisenge byamabara yumucyo cyangwa hasi ya sima), bikazana ingufu ziyongera cyane. Ibi bizwi mu nganda nk "inyungu zibiri". Kugeza ubu, igipimo cya kabiri (ikigereranyo cyo gukora amashanyarazi neza inyuma ninyuma) yibicuruzwa bikuru bigera kuri 85% kugeza 90%. Kurugero, mubidukikije-byerekana cyane nkubutayu, inyungu yinyuma yibigize irashobora kuzana kwiyongera kwa 10% -30% mumashanyarazi rusange. Hagati aho, ubu bwoko bwibigize bukora neza mugihe cyimirasire mike (nkiminsi yimvura cyangwa kare mugitondo na nimugoroba), hamwe nimbaraga zirenga 2%.
Guhanga udushya mubikoresho nurufunguzo nurufunguzo rwo gushyigikira amashanyarazi meza. Tekinoroji ya batiri igezweho (nka N-ubwoko bwa TOPCon) itwara imbaraga zibigize kugirango izamuke, kandi ibicuruzwa byingenzi byinjiye murwego rwa 670-720W. Kugabanya igicucu cyimbere no kuzamura imikorere yikusanyamakuru, inganda zashyizeho ibishushanyo mbonera (nkuburyo bwa 20BB) hamwe nubuhanga bunoze bwo gucapa (nko gucapa ibyuma byerekana ibyuma). Kurwego rwo gupakira, imiterere-yikirahure ibiri (hamwe nikirahure kumbere ninyuma) itanga uburinzi buhebuje, bigatuma umwaka wambere wiyongera kubintu muri 1% naho igipimo ngarukamwaka cyo kwiyerekana kiri munsi ya 0.4%, kikaba gisumba kure ibice bisanzwe byikirahure. Kugira ngo ikibazo gikemuke cy'uburemere bunini bwa moderi ebyiri-ibirahure (cyane cyane binini-binini), igisubizo cyoroheje kibonerana cyerekana urupapuro rwabigenewe, bituma uburemere bwa 210-modules bugabanuka kugera kuri kilo 25, bikagabanya cyane ingorane zo kwishyiriraho.
Guhuza ibidukikije n’ibindi byiza byingenzi byuburyo bubiri-ibirahuri bibiri. Imiterere yacyo ifite ibirahuri bibiri itanga imbaraga zo guhangana nikirere cyiza, irwanya neza amashanyarazi (PID), imirasire ikomeye ya ultraviolet, ingaruka zurubura, ubushuhe bwinshi, kwangirika kwumunyu, hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije bwubushyuhe. Mugushiraho amashanyarazi yerekanwe mubice bitandukanye byikirere ku isi (nkubukonje bwinshi, umuyaga mwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi nubushyuhe bwinshi), abakora ibice bahora bagenzura ubushobozi bwabo bwigihe kirekire bwo gukora mubidukikije bikabije.
Ibyiza byo gusaba: Dutezimbere ubukungu bwimishinga ifotora
Agaciro k'impande ebyiri-ibirahuri modules amaherezo bigaragarira mubikorwa byubukungu mubuzima bwose bwumushinga, cyane cyane mubikorwa byihariye:
Amashanyarazi manini manini-yubutaka: Kugwiza amafaranga ahantu hagaragara cyane: Mu butayu, ahantu h'urubura cyangwa amabara y’urumuri, inyungu zinyuma zishobora kugabanya mu buryo butaziguye igiciro cy’amashanyarazi (LCOE) cyumushinga. Kurugero, muri umwe mu mishinga minini y’amafoto y’amashanyarazi muri Amerika y'Epfo - sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi ya 766MW “Cerrado Solar” muri Berezile, koherezwa mu bice bibiri by’ibirahuri bibiri biganisha ku kongera ingufu z’amashanyarazi gusa ariko biteganijwe ko bizagabanya imyuka ya gaze karuboni kuri toni 134.000 buri mwaka. Isesengura ry’icyitegererezo cy’ubukungu ryerekana ko mu turere nka Arabiya Sawudite, iyemezwa ry’imikorere itandukanye ishobora kugabanya LCOE hafi 5% ugereranije n’ikoranabuhanga gakondo, mu gihe kandi izigama ibiciro bya sisitemu (BOS).
Ikwirakwizwa ryamafoto yumuriro: Gukoresha mubishoboka hejuru yinzu hamwe nubutaka bwihariye: Ku gisenge cy’inganda n’ubucuruzi, ubwinshi bw’amashanyarazi bisobanura gushyiraho sisitemu nini-nini mu gace gato, bityo bikagabanya igiciro cyo kwishyiriraho ibice. Ibiharuro byerekana ko mumishinga minini minini yimisenge, iyemezwa rya modulike yo mu rwego rwo hejuru irashobora kugabanya cyane ibiciro byubwubatsi rusange bwamasezerano (EPC) no kongera inyungu zumushinga. Mubyongeyeho, mubice bigoye cyane nkibibanza bya sima nubutumburuke buhanitse, uburyo bwiza bwo guhangana nuburemere bwikigereranyo hamwe nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwa moderi ebyiri-ibirahuri bituma bahitamo neza. Bamwe mubakora ibicuruzwa batangije ibicuruzwa byabigenewe hamwe nibisubizo byubushakashatsi kubidukikije bidasanzwe nkuburebure.
Guhuza isoko rishya ryamashanyarazi: Kunonosora amafaranga yumuriro wamashanyarazi: Mugihe uburyo-bwo gukoresha ibiciro byamashanyarazi bigenda byamamara, igiciro cyamashanyarazi gihuye numunsi wa sasita ya sasita yo kubyara amashanyarazi ashobora kugabanuka. Modul ya Bifacial, hamwe nuburinganire bwayo bubiri hamwe nubushobozi buhebuje bwo gusubiza urumuri, irashobora gutanga amashanyarazi menshi mugitondo na nimugoroba mugihe ibiciro byamashanyarazi biri hejuru, bigafasha umurongo wo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi guhuza neza nigihe cyibiciro byamashanyarazi bityo bikazamura amafaranga muri rusange.
Imiterere yo gusaba: Kwinjira kwisi yose hamwe no guhinga byimbitse
Ikarita yo gusaba ya mpande ebyiri-ibirahuri modules iraguka byihuse kwisi yose:
Uturere twinshi two mu karere twabaye intambwe nyamukuru: Mu turere twinshi cyane kandi twinshi cyane nko mu butayu bwo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, Ubutayu bwa Gobi mu burengerazuba bw’Ubushinwa, hamwe na Plateau yo muri Amerika y'Epfo, modules ebyiri-ibirahuri byahindutse ihitamo ry’imyubakire mishya nini nini yubatswe ku butaka. Hagati aho, mu turere tw’urubura nko mu Burayi bw’Amajyaruguru, inyungu nyinshi ziranga umugongo munsi yerekana urubura (kugeza kuri 25%) nazo zirakoreshwa neza.
Igisubizo cyihariye kubintu byihariye bigenda bigaragara: Inganda zirimo kwerekana icyerekezo cyimbitse cyibikorwa byihariye. Kurugero, mugusubiza ikibazo cyumucanga numukungugu wamashanyarazi yubutayu, ibice bimwe byateguwe hamwe nubuso bwihariye bwo kugabanya ivumbi, kugabanya inshuro zogusukura no gukora no kubungabunga ibiciro; Mu mushinga wuzuzanya wa agro-Photovoltaque, module ikwirakwiza urumuri ikoreshwa ku gisenge cya parike kugira ngo habeho ubufatanye hagati y’amashanyarazi n’umusaruro w’ubuhinzi. Kubidukikije bikabije byo mu nyanja cyangwa ku nkombe, ibice bibiri-byikirahure bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa.
Ibihe bizaza: Gukomeza guhanga udushya no gukemura ibibazo
Iterambere ryigihe kizaza ryibice bibiri-ibirahuri byuzuye byuzuye imbaraga, ariko kandi bigomba guhangana nibibazo bitaziguye:
Imikorere ikomeje kwiyongera: N-tekinoroji ya N ihagarariwe na TOPCon kuri ubu nimbaraga zingenzi mukuzamura imikorere ya modacial modules. Kurushaho guhungabanya perovskite / kristaline silicon tandem ya selile yerekanaga ubushobozi bwo guhindura ibintu hejuru ya 34% muri laboratoire kandi biteganijwe ko bizaba urufunguzo rwo gusimbuka neza ibisekuru bizaza byuburyo bubiri. Hagati aho, igipimo cya kabiri kirenze 90% bizarushaho kuzamura umusanzu w'amashanyarazi kuruhande.
Guhindura imikorere yuburyo bwisoko: Umugabane wamasoko ya modulifike ya modules ikomeje kwiyongera, ariko irashobora guhura nimpinduka zimiterere mugihe kizaza. Mugihe module imwe yikirahure ikuze muburyo bworoshye kandi bugenzura ibiciro (nkibikorwa bya LECO mugutezimbere amazi no gukoresha ibikoresho bipfunyika neza), umugabane wabo kumasoko yagabanijwe biteganijwe kwiyongera. Bifacial double-ibirahuri modules izakomeza gushimangira umwanya wiganje muri sitasiyo yumuriro wubutaka, cyane cyane murwego rwo hejuru.
Ibibazo by'ingenzi bigomba gukemurwa:
Ibiro hamwe nuburinganire: Kwiyongera kwibiro byazanywe nuburyo bubiri bwikirahure (hafi 30%) nimbogamizi nyamukuru kubikorwa byayo binini mugisenge. Urupapuro rusobanutse rufite amahirwe menshi nkubundi buryo bworoshye, ariko igihe kirekire (hejuru yimyaka 25) irwanya ikirere, kurwanya UV no kurwanya amazi biracyakenewe kugenzurwa namakuru menshi yo hanze.
Guhuza n'imihindagurikire ya sisitemu: Kumenyekanisha ibice binini kandi binini cyane bisaba kuzamura icyarimwe ibikoresho bifasha nka sisitemu ya bracket na inverters, ibyo bikaba byongera ubunini bwibishushanyo mbonera ndetse nigiciro cyambere cyo gushora imari, kandi bigasaba ko habaho ubufatanye mu rwego rwinganda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-18-2025