Ese uzi amateka y'iterambere ry'amapompo y'amazi? Kandi se uzi ko amapompo y'amazi akoreshwa n'izuba yahindutse uburyo bushya?

Mu myaka ya vuba aha, pompe z'amazi zikoresha imirasire y'izuba zarushijeho gukundwa nk'igisubizo cyo kuvoma amazi kitangiza ibidukikije kandi gihendutse. Ariko se uzi amateka y'ipompe z'amazi n'uburyo pompe z'amazi zikoresha imirasire y'izuba zabaye ikintu gishya mu nganda?

Amateka y’amapompo y’amazi atangira kuva kera, ubwo abantu batangiraga gukoresha imbaraga z’amazi mu bikorwa bitandukanye. Pompe y’amazi izwi cyane yitwa “igicucu” kandi yakoreshejwe mu Misiri ya kera ahagana mu 2000 mbere ya Yesu mu gukurura amazi mu ruzi rwa Nili kugira ngo aruvomere. Mu binyejana byinshi, ubwoko butandukanye bw’amapompo y’amazi bwarakozwe, harimo imashini zisubiranamo, imashini zikoresha centrifugal, n’izikoresha amazi mu mazi, buri imwe ifite imiterere n’imikorere yayo yihariye.

Ariko, iterambere ry’imashini zikoresha imirasire y’izuba ni ikintu gishya cyakomeje kwiyongera mu myaka mike ishize. Uko abantu basobanukirwa ingaruka zikomoka ku mashini zikoresha lisansi ku bidukikije, ni ko icyifuzo cy’ingufu zirambye kandi zishobora kongera gukoreshwa kigenda cyiyongera. Ibi byatumye habaho udushya no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rikoresha imirasire y’izuba mu buryo bukwirakwira, harimo n’imashini zikoresha imirasire y’izuba.

Pompe z'amazi zikoresha imirasire y'izuba zikoresha paneli za photovoltaic kugira ngo zihindure urumuri rw'izuba mo amashanyarazi, hanyuma zigakoresha pompe zikanakura amazi mu mariba, imigezi cyangwa ahandi hantu. Izi pompe zitanga inyungu nyinshi ugereranyije n'ipompe zikoresha lisansi, harimo kugabanuka kw'ibiciro byo gukora, kugabanuka kw'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ndetse no kutagira ibikenewe byinshi mu kubungabunga. Kubera iyo mpamvu, zigenda zikundwa cyane mu byaro no mu mijyi, cyane cyane mu turere dufite izuba ryinshi ariko amashanyarazi akaba make.

Inkunga za leta zigamije guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba nazo zituma habaho ishyirwaho ry’imashini zikoresha imirasire y’izuba. Mu bihugu byinshi, harimo Ubuhinde, Ubushinwa n’ibindi bice bya Afurika, za leta zishishikariza gushyiraho imashini zikoresha imirasire y’izuba binyuze mu nkunga y’amafaranga na politiki y’ibyiza. Ibi birushaho kwihutisha iterambere ry’isoko ry’imashini zikoresha imirasire y’izuba, bigatuma riba umuderi mushya mu nganda.

Byongeye kandi, iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ry’izuba ryatumye habaho iterambere ry’imashini zikoresha imirasire y’izuba zikora neza kandi zizewe, bituma ziba izindi nzira zishoboka aho gukoresha imashini zisanzwe zikoresha amazi mu buryo butandukanye. Kuva ku kuhira imyaka no kuhira amatungo kugeza ku mazi yo mu ngo no mu bucuruzi, imashini zikoresha imirasire y’izuba zagaragaye ko ari igisubizo cyiza kandi kirambye ku byifuzo by’amazi.

Muri make, amateka y’iterambere ry’amapompo y’amazi amaze imyaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi, amaherezo bituma amapompo y’amazi akoresha imirasire y’izuba aba umudeli mushya mu nganda. Bitewe no kutabangamira ibidukikije, kugabanya ikiguzi no gushyigikirwa na leta, amapompo y’amazi akoresha imirasire y’izuba yabaye amahitamo akunzwe yo kuvoma amazi, bigaragaza impinduka mu gushaka ibisubizo by’ingufu zirambye kandi zishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Uko ikoranabuhanga rikomeza gutera imbere no kumenya ibibazo by’ibidukikije birushaho kwiyongera, amapompo y’amazi akoresha imirasire y’izuba ashobora gukomeza kugira uruhare runini mu kuvoma amazi mu gihe kizaza.