Uhlelo Lokugcina Amandla Ebhethri (i-BESS) luhlelo olukhulu lwebhethri olusekelwe ekuxhumekeni kwegridi, olusetshenziselwa ukugcina ugesi namandla. Luhlanganisa amabhethri amaningi ndawonye ukuze lwakhe idivayisi yokugcina amandla ehlanganisiwe.
1. Iseli Lebhethri: Njengengxenye yesistimu yebhethri, iguqula amandla amakhemikhali abe amandla kagesi.
2. I-Battery Module: Yakhiwe ngochungechunge oluningi kanye namaseli ebhethri axhunyiwe ngokufanayo, ifaka i-Module Battery Management System (MBMS) ukuqapha ukusebenza kwamaseli ebhethri.
3. Iqembu Lebhethri: Lisetshenziselwa ukwamukela amamojula amaningi axhunywe ochungechungeni kanye nama-Battery Protection Units (BPU), aziwa nangokuthi isilawuli seqembu lebhethri. Uhlelo Lokuphathwa Kwebhethri (BMS) lweqembu lebhethri luqapha i-voltage, izinga lokushisa, kanye nesimo sokushaja samabhethri ngenkathi lulawula imijikelezo yawo yokushaja nokukhipha.
4. Isitsha Sokugcina Amandla: Singathwala amaqoqo amaningi ebhethri axhunywe ngendlela efanayo futhi singase sibe nezinye izingxenye ezengeziwe zokuphatha noma ukulawula imvelo yangaphakathi yesitsha.
5. Uhlelo Lokuguqulwa Kwamandla (PCS): Ugesi oqondile (DC) okhiqizwa amabhethri uguqulwa ube ugesi oshintshanayo (AC) nge-PCS noma ama-inverter aqondisa izinhlangothi zombili ukuze adluliselwe kugridi yamandla (izikhungo noma abasebenzisi bokugcina). Uma kudingeka, lolu hlelo lungakhipha amandla kugridi ukuze lushaje amabhethri.
Iyini isimiso sokusebenza sezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri (i-BESS)?
Umgomo wokusebenza we-Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) uhlanganisa ikakhulukazi izinqubo ezintathu: ukushaja, ukugcina, nokukhipha ishaja. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokushaja, i-BESS igcina amandla kagesi ebhethri ngomthombo wamandla wangaphandle. Ukuqaliswa kungaba ugesi oqondile noma ugesi oshintshanayo, kuye ngomklamo wesistimu nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza. Uma kunamandla anele anikezwa ngumthombo wamandla wangaphandle, i-BESS iguqula amandla amaningi abe amandla amakhemikhali futhi iwagcine emabhethri aphinde ashajwe ngendlela evuselelekayo ngaphakathi. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokugcina, lapho kungekho ukuphakelwa kwangaphandle okwanele noma kungekho ukuphakelwa kwangaphandle okutholakalayo, i-BESS igcina amandla agciniwe agcwele futhi igcina ukuzinza kwawo ukuze isetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhipha ishaja, lapho kunesidingo sokusebenzisa amandla agciniwe, i-BESS ikhipha inani elifanele lamandla ngokuya ngesidingo sokushayela amadivayisi ahlukahlukene, izinjini noma ezinye izinhlobo zemithwalo.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezinselele zokusebenzisa i-BESS?
I-BESS inganikeza izinzuzo nezinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene ohlelweni lwamandla, njenge:
1. Ukuthuthukisa ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo: I-BESS ingagcina amandla avuselelekayo ngokweqile ngezikhathi zokukhiqizwa okuphezulu kanye nesidingo esiphansi, futhi iwakhulule ngezikhathi zokukhiqizwa okuphansi kanye nesidingo esikhulu. Lokhu kunganciphisa ukuncishiswa komoya, kuthuthukise izinga lokusetshenziswa kwawo, futhi kuqede ukuguquguquka kwawo kanye nokwehluka kwawo.
2. Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamandla nokuthembeka: I-BESS inganikeza impendulo esheshayo neguquguqukayo ekushintsheni kwamandla kagesi kanye nemvamisa, ama-harmonics, nezinye izinkinga zekhwalithi yamandla. Ingasebenza futhi njengomthombo wamandla oyisipele futhi isekele umsebenzi wokuqala omnyama ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka kwegridi noma izimo eziphuthumayo.
3. Ukunciphisa isidingo esikhulu: I-BESS ingashaja ngezikhathi ezingezona ezesikhathi esimatasa lapho amanani kagesi ephansi, futhi ikhiphe amandla ngesikhathi sezinkathi lapho amanani aphezulu. Lokhu kunganciphisa isidingo esikhulu, kwehlise izindleko zikagesi, futhi kulibazise isidingo sokwandiswa kwamandla okukhiqiza okusha noma ukuthuthukiswa kokudlulisela.
4. Ukwehlisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa: I-BESS inganciphisa ukuthembela ekukhiqizweni kukaphethiloli osuselwa ku-fossil, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi ezimatasa, ngenkathi ikhulisa isabelo samandla avuselelekayo ekuxubeni kwamandla. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa futhi kunciphise imiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Kodwa-ke, i-BESS ibhekene nezinselele ezithile, ezifana nalezi:
1. Izindleko eziphezulu: Uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imithombo yamandla, i-BESS isabiza kakhulu, ikakhulukazi maqondana nezindleko ezinkulu, izindleko zokusebenza nokugcinwa, kanye nezindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila. Izindleko ze-BESS zincike ezintweni eziningi ezifana nohlobo lwebhethri, usayizi wesistimu, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nezimo zemakethe. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bukhula futhi bukhula, izindleko ze-BESS kulindeleke ukuthi zehle esikhathini esizayo kodwa zingase zibe yisithiyo ekwamukelweni kabanzi.
2. Izinkinga zokuphepha: I-BESS ihilela i-voltage ephezulu, ugesi omkhulu, kanye nokushisa okuphezulu okubeka izingozi ezingaba khona njengezingozi zomlilo, ukuqhuma, ukushaqeka kukagesi njll. I-BESS iqukethe nezinto eziyingozi njengezinsimbi, ama-acid kanye nama-electrolyte angabangela izingozi zemvelo nezempilo uma zingaphathwa noma zingalahlwa kahle. Kudingeka izindinganiso zokuphepha eziqinile, imithethonqubo kanye nezinqubo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza nokuphathwa okuphephile kwe-BESS.
5. Umthelela wezemvelo: I-BESS ingaba nemiphumela emibi emvelweni okuhlanganisa ukuncipha kwezinsizakusebenza, izinkinga zokusetshenziswa komhlaba izinkinga zokusetshenziswa kwamanzi ukukhiqizwa kwemfucuza, kanye nokukhathazeka ngokungcola. I-BESS idinga inani elikhulu lezinto zokusetshenziswa ezifana ne-lithium, i-cobalt, i-nickel, ithusi njll., eziyivelakancane emhlabeni wonke futhi azinakwa ngokulinganayo. I-BESS iphinde isebenzise amanzi nomhlaba ukuze ifakelwe ukukhiqizwa kwezimayini, futhi isebenze. I-BESS ikhiqiza imfucuza kanye nokukhishwa kwayo kuyo yonke impilo yayo okungathinta ikhwalithi yomhlabathi wamanzi omoya. Imithelela yezemvelo idinga ukucatshangelwa ngokwamukela imikhuba eqhubekayo ukuze kuncishiswe imiphumela yayo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa kwe-BESS?
I-BESS isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini nasezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, njengokukhiqiza ugesi, izindawo zokugcina amandla, izintambo zokudlulisa nokusabalalisa ohlelweni lwamandla, kanye nezinhlelo zezimoto zikagesi nezasolwandle emkhakheni wezokuthutha. Iphinde isetshenziswe ezinhlelweni zokugcina amandla ebhethri ezakhiweni zokuhlala nezebhizinisi. Lezi zinhlelo zingahlangabezana nezidingo zokugcina amandla angaphezulu futhi zinikeze amandla okusekela ukuze kuncishiswe ukugcwala ngokweqile emigqeni yokudlulisa nokusabalalisa ngenkathi kuvinjelwa ukuminyana ohlelweni lokudlulisa. I-BESS idlala indima ebalulekile kumagridi amancane, angamanethiwekhi kagesi asatshalaliswa axhunywe kugridi eyinhloko noma asebenza ngokuzimela. Amagridi amancane azimele atholakala ezindaweni ezikude angathembela ku-BESS ehlanganiswe nemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kufezwe ukukhiqizwa kukagesi okuzinzile ngenkathi kusiza ukugwema izindleko eziphakeme ezihambisana nezinjini zedizili nezinkinga zokungcola komoya. I-BESS iza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene kanye nokucushwa, efanelekile kokubili imishini yasekhaya emincane kanye nezinhlelo zezinsiza ezinkulu. Zingafakwa ezindaweni ezahlukene kufaka phakathi amakhaya, izakhiwo zebhizinisi, kanye neziteshi ezincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingasebenza njengemithombo yamandla yokusekela ephuthumayo ngesikhathi sokucima kombane.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhethri asetshenziswa ku-BESS?
1. Amabhethri e-lead-acid ayizinhlobo zebhethri ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, aqukethe amapuleti e-lead kanye ne-sulfuric acid electrolyte. Ahlonishwa kakhulu ngenxa yezindleko zawo eziphansi, ubuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe, kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside, asetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezifana namabhethri okuqala, imithombo yamandla ephuthumayo, kanye nesitoreji samandla esincane.
2. Amabhethri e-Lithium-ion, enye yezinhlobo zamabhethri ezidumile nezithuthukisiwe, aqukethe ama-electrode amahle nangalungile enziwe ngensimbi ye-lithium noma izinto ezihlanganisiwe kanye nezinyibilikisi eziphilayo. Anezinzuzo ezifana nokuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, kanye nomthelela ophansi kwezemvelo; edlala indima ebalulekile kumadivayisi eselula, ezimotweni zikagesi, nakwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zokugcina amandla.
3. Amabhethri okugeleza ayizinto zokugcina amandla ezingashajwa kabusha ezisebenza kusetshenziswa imithombo yoketshezi egcinwe emathangini angaphandle. Izici zazo zifaka phakathi ukuminyana kwamandla aphansi kodwa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenkonzo.
4. Ngaphezu kwalezi zinketho ezishiwo ngenhla, kunezinye izinhlobo ze-BESS ezitholakalayo ongakhetha kuzo njengamabhethri e-sodium-sulfur, amabhethri e-nickel-cadmium, kanye nama-super capacitor; ngalinye linezici ezahlukene kanye nokusebenza okufanelekela izimo ezahlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-22-2024