Uburyo bwo kubungabunga sisitemu y'ingufu z'izuba itari kuri grid kugira ngo ikore neza igihe kirekire

Sisitemu y'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba idakoresha amashanyarazi yagenewe gutanga amashanyarazi yizewe ahantu hataboneka cyangwa hatameze neza. Ariko, kimwe n'izindi sisitemu zose z'ingufu, imikorere yayo y'igihe kirekire iterwa no kubungabunga neza. Kwitaho buri gihe ntibituma imikorere irushaho kuba myiza gusa ahubwo binatuma ibice by'ingenzi nk'imirasire y'izuba, bateri, na inverters biramba.

Ibisubizo byuzuye bitangwa n'amashyirahamwe nkaSisitemu y'izubaguhuza ibice byiza cyane mu buryo buhuriweho, bigatuma kubungabunga birushaho kuba byiza iyo hakurikijwe ingamba zikwiye. Iyi nyandiko isobanura uburyo bwo kubungabunga sisitemu y'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba idakoresha amashanyarazi kugira ngo ikomeze gukora neza mu gihe cy'imyaka myinshi.

Impamvu kubungabunga ari ingenzi

Sisitemu zidafite grid zikora ku giti cyazo, bivuze ko nta kwikiza kw'amashanyarazi bituruka kuri grid. Ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose cy'imikorere—nk'ibura rya bateri cyangwa kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bw'imashini—bishobora kugira ingaruka zitaziguye ku itangwa ry'amashanyarazi yawe.

Ubushakashatsi n'amakuru ajyanye n'aho ibikorwa bikorerwa bigaragaza ko sisitemu zikora ibikorwa byo kubungabunga buri gihe zihura n'ibibazo bike cyane kandi zigakomeza gukora neza uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Gusana buri gihe bigufasha:

Ongera ingufu zisohoka

Kongera igihe cyo kubaho kwa bateri

Irinde ko sisitemu ikora nabi mu buryo butunguranye

Gabanya ikiguzi cyo gusana igihe kirekire

1. Komeza gusukura panneaux z'izuba

Imirasire y'izuba ihura n'umukungugu, umwanda, amase y'inyoni, n'imyanda ikomoka ku bidukikije. Ndetse n'umukungugu muto ushobora kugabanya imikorere binyuze mu10%–25%.

Uburyo bwiza bwo gukora:

Sukura amapaneliInshuro 2–4 mu mwakacyangwa kenshi mu turere twuzuyemo ivumbi

Koresha amazi meza n'igitambaro cyoroshye cyangwa eponji

Irinde ibikoresho byo gukomeretsa cyangwa imiti ihumanya

Zimya sisitemu mbere yo kuyisukura

Kenshi na kenshi, imvura ifasha gukuraho umwanda woroshye, ariko gusukura intoki ni ngombwa iyo ibintu byinshi byibumbiye hamwe.

2. Suzuma buri gihe Ikigo cy'Abateri

Bateri ni zo zigize sisitemu y'izuba iyo ari yo yose idakoresha amashanyarazi. Kutabungabunga neza bishobora gutuma igihe cyo kubaho cyazo kigabanuka cyane.

Imirimo y'ingenzi yo kubungabunga:

Reba niba hari ingese ku miyoboro

Menya neza ko imiyoboro ifatanye neza kandi isukuye

Voltage ya ecran n'uko charge ihagaze

Bika bateri muriahantu hakonje, humutse, kandi hafite umwuka uhumeka

Ku bateri za aside ya lead:

Suzuma urugero rw'amashanyarazi buri gihe

Ongeramo amazi yaciwe mu mazi igihe bibaye ngombwa

Kudafata neza bateri bishobora kugabanya igihe cyo kubaho kwazo kugeza kuri kimwe cya kabiri.

Bateri za Lithium ntizikenera gusanwa cyane ariko ziracyakeneye gukurikiranwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko zisohoka cyane kandi zishyushye cyane.

3. Kugenzura Imikorere ya Sisitemu

Sisitemu zigezweho zidafite gridi akenshi zirimo imikorere yo kugenzura igufasha gukurikirana imikorere mu gihe nyacyo.

Ugomba kugenzura buri gihe:

Umusaruro w'ingufu wa buri munsi

Ibipimo byo gushyushya batiri

Umusaruro wa inverter

Imenyesha rya sisitemu cyangwa kode z'amakosa

Gukurikirana bifasha kumenya ibibazo hakiri kare, nko kugabanuka k'umusaruro cyangwa urugero rudasanzwe rw'amashanyarazi. Kumenya hakiri kare birinda ibibazo bito kuba inzitizi zihenze.

4. Genzura insinga n'imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi

Ibice by'amashanyarazi ni ingenzi cyane ku mutekano n'imikorere myiza y'urusobe rw'ibikoresho.

Icyo ugomba kugenzura:

Insinga zifunguye cyangwa zangiritse

Ingese ku miyoboro

Ibimenyetso byo gushyuha cyane cyangwa kwangirika

Gushinga neza

Birasabwa kugenzura insinga z'amashanyarazi buriAmezi 1–3kandi ukore igenzura rirambuye buri gihe.

5. Gufata neza Inverter na Controller

Inverter na charge controller bigenzura urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi muri sisitemu. Kubigumana neza bituma umuriro udahindagurika.

Inama ku bijyanye no kubungabunga:

Bika ibikoresho bidafite ivumbi n'imyanda

Menya neza uburyo bwo guhumeka neza kugira ngo wirinde ubushyuhe bwinshi

Reba buri gihe ibimenyetso byo kwerekana n'uko sisitemu ihagaze

Vugurura firmware niba bikenewe

Inverter ifashwe neza irushaho gukora neza muri rusange kandi ikagabanya ibyago byo kuzimya umuriro mu buryo butunguranye.

6. Kurinda Sisitemu Ibintu Bishobora Guteza Ihindagurika ry'Ibidukikije

Sisitemu zidafite amashanyarazi akenshi zishyirwa ahantu hatandukanye cyangwa habi. Ikirere n'ikirere cyo hanze bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere ya sisitemu.

Ingamba zo kwirinda:

Inyubako zigomba gushyirwaho zirinda umuyaga mwinshi

Kuzamura bateri na inverters mu turere twibasirwa n'imyuzure

Shyiramo uburyo bwo kurinda inkuba

Kurinda inyamaswa cyangwa udukoko kwangiza insinga

Ubushyuhe bukabije nabwo bushobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere ya bateri, bityo kugenzura ubushyuhe ni ingenzi igihe cyose bishoboka.

7. Kurikiza gahunda yo kubungabunga

Gahunda yo kubungabunga ibintu iteguye neza ifasha kwemeza ko nta kintu na kimwe cyirengagijwe.

Gahunda isabwa:

Buri kwezi

Reba imikorere ya sisitemu n'uko bateri ihagaze

Igenzura ry'amapine n'insinga z'amashanyarazi mu maso

Buri gihembwe

Sukura panels z'izuba

Genzura imiterere ya bateri n'aho bateri zihagarara

Buri mwaka

Igenzura ryuzuye rya sisitemu

Isuzuma ry'ibice by'amashanyarazi n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi

Gusana buri gihe bitanga umusaruro uhoraho kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kudakora neza kwa sisitemu.

8. Itoze gukoresha ingufu zigezweho

Kubungabunga ntibireba gusa ibice bifatika—binakubiyemo uburyo ukoresha ingufu.

Inama:

Koresha ibikoresho bikoresha ingufu nke

Irinde gukoresha ingufu zidakenewe

Koresha ibikoresho biremereye cyane mu masaha y'amanywa

Irinde ko bateri isohoka cyane

Gukoresha ingufu neza bigabanya stress kuri sisitemu kandi byongera igihe cyo kubaho cya bateri n'ibikoresho.

Kubungabunga sisitemu y'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba idakoresha amashanyarazi ntabwo bigoye, ariko bisaba guhora ikora neza. Gusukura buri gihe, kwita ku bateri, kugenzura sisitemu no kugenzura ni ingenzi kugira ngo imikorere ikomeze kumera neza.

Iyo ibungabunzwe neza, sisitemu y'izuba yakozwe neza idafite amashanyarazi ishobora gukora neza kuImyaka 20–25 cyangwa irenga, gutanga amashanyarazi yizewe kandi arambye ndetse no mu turere twa kure cyane.

Mu guhuza ibice byiza na gahunda yo kubungabunga ifite gahunda ihamye, abakoresha bashobora kongera ishoramari ryabo no kugira imbaraga zihamye kandi zigenga mu gihe kirekire.