He wāhanga nui ngā kōwae rā, e mōhiotia ana ko ngā panera rā, o te pūnaha rā. Ko rātou te kawenga mō te huri i te hihi o te rā ki te hiko mā te pānga photovoltaic. I te mea kei te piki haere tonu te hiahia mō te pūngao hou, kua rongonui ngā kōwae rā mō ngā tono kāinga me ngā tono arumoni.
1. Ngā kōwae pūtau rā silicon monocrystalline:
He hanganga tioata kotahi (te tikanga he silicon) ngā kōwae hiko pūngao-rā kotahi-kiriata (he silicon te tikanga). E mōhiotia ana rātou mō tō rātou tino whai hua me te āhua pango huatau. Ko te tukanga hanga he tapahi i ngā porotaka porotaka hei angiangi, kātahi ka huihuia hei pūtau hiko pūngao-rā. He nui ake te mana o ngā kōwae hiko pūngao-rā kotahi-kiriata mō ia putu tapawha ki te whakatauritea ki ētahi atu momo, he mea pai mō ngā whakaurunga he iti te wāhi. He pai ake hoki tā rātou mahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga mārama iti, ā, he roa ake te ora.
2. Ngā kōwae rā polycrystalline:
He mea hanga ngā kōwae rā polycrystalline mai i ngā tioata silicon maha. Ko te tukanga hanga he whakarewa i te silicon mata me te ringihia ki roto i ngā pokepoke tapawhā, kātahi ka tapahia hei anga angiangi. He iti ake te whai hua o ngā kōwae polycrystalline engari he iti ake te utu i ngā kōwae monocrystalline. He kikorangi te āhua, ā, he pai mō te tāutanga ki ngā wāhi e nui ana te wāhi. He pai hoki te mahi a ngā kōwae polycrystalline i roto i ngā taiao pāmahana teitei.
3. Ngā kōwae pūtau rā kiriata angiangi:
Ka hangaia ngā kōwae hiko angiangi mā te whakatakoto i tētahi paparanga angiangi o te rauemi photovoltaic ki runga i tētahi papa pēnei i te karāhe, i te konganuku rānei. Ko ngā momo kōwae kiriata angiangi e tino kitea ana ko te amorphous silicon (a-Si), te cadmium telluride (CdTe) me te copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS). He iti ake te whai hua o ngā kōwae kiriata angiangi i ngā kōwae tioata, engari he mama, he ngāwari, he iti ake te utu ki te hanga. He pai mō ngā whakaurunga me ngā tono nui ake e nui ana te taumaha me te ngāwari, pēnei i ngā photovoltaics whakauru-whare.
4. Ngā kōwae pūngao rā mata-rua:
Kua hangaia ngā kōwae pūngao rā kanohi-rua hei hopu i te hihi o te rā mai i ngā taha e rua, ā, ka piki ake te kaha o te hiko. Ka taea e rātou te whakaputa hiko mai i te hihi tika o te rā me te hihi o te rā e whakaatahia ana mai i te whenua, i ngā mata huri noa rānei. Ka taea e ngā kōwae kanohi-rua te hanga i te tioata kotahi, i te tioata maha rānei, ā, ka whakanohoia ki runga i ngā hanganga teitei, ki ngā mata whakaata rānei. He pai mō ngā whakaurunga albedo teitei pērā i ngā wāhi kua taupokina e te hukarere, i ngā tuanui rānei he kiriuhi mā.
5. Te hanga hiko photovoltaic whakauru (BIPV):
Ko te hangarau photovoltaic whakauru whare (BIPV) e pā ana ki te whakaurunga o ngā waeine pūngao rā ki roto i te hanganga o te whare, hei whakakapi i ngā rauemi hanga tuku iho. Ka taea e ngā waeine BIPV te tango i te ahua o ngā taera pūngao rā, ngā matapihi pūngao rā, ngā mata pūngao rā rānei. Ka whakaratohia e rātou te whakaputa hiko me te tautoko hanganga, ka whakaiti i te hiahia mō ngā rauemi tāpiri. He ātaahua ngā waeine BIPV, ā, ka taea te whakauru pai ki roto i ngā whare hou, ngā whare tawhito rānei.
I te katoa, he maha ngā momo kōwae rā, he āhuatanga me ngā mahi motuhake kei ia momo e tika ana mō ngā tono rerekē. He tino pai te mahi a ngā kōwae monocrystalline i roto i te wāhi iti, engari he iti te utu o ngā kōwae polycrystalline, ā, he pai te mahi i roto i ngā taiao pāmahana teitei. He māmā, he ngāwari hoki ngā kōwae membrane, ā, he pai mō te tāutanga nui. Ka hopukina e ngā kōwae bifacial te hihi o te rā mai i ngā taha e rua, ka whakapiki ake i te putanga pūngao. Hei whakamutunga, ka whakaratohia e ngā photovoltaics whakauru-whare te whakaputa hiko me te whakaurunga whare. Mā te mārama ki ngā momo kōwae rā rerekē ka āwhina i ngā tāngata takitahi me ngā pakihi ki te whakatau whai whakaaro i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i te kōwhiringa tino tika mō tā rātou pūnaha rā.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-19-2024